Parts of Speech: Verbs

Lesson One: Verb Forms

In this lesson, you will learn: 

1. Verb forms: Definitions
2. Verb forms: Types
3. Verb forms: Identifying verb forms

Verb forms: Definition

Verb forms are the physical forms of verbs. 

Verb forms: Types

base/ bare infinitive	To infinitive	Present	Past	Past Participle	Present Participle (Gerund)
Go	To go	Go/goes	Went	Gone	Going
Be	To be	Am, is, are	Was, were	Been	Being
Walk	To walk	walk/walks	Walked	Walked	Walking

Verb forms: Identifying verb forms

Examples

1. Nisa walks home every day.
2. She has walked home for two years.
3. She likes to walk home.
4. She walked home yesterday.
5. She will walk home tomorrow. 
6. She is walking home right now. 

Forms

1. Present 
2. Past participle
3. To infinitive
4. Past
5. Base/bare infinitive
6. Present participle

Verb forms: Identifying verb forms

Examples

1. Nisa is a singer. 
2. I have been a teacher for 17 years.
3. I want to be a doctor. 
4. She was not at home yesterday.
5. She will be a teacher. 
6. She is being required to stay home. 

Forms

1. Present 
2. Past participle
3. To infinitive
4. Past
5. Base/bare infinitive
6. Present participle

Lesson Two: Transitive Verbs and Intransitive Verbs 

Verbs: Definition

Verbs are the most important element of a sentence. Verbs show actions or states of being.

Transitive Verbs and Intransitive Verbs

Transitive Verbs (TV)

Transitive verbs are verbs that need an object.                

        Subject + verb + object

Intransitive Verbs (IV) 

Intransitive verbs are verbs that do not have an object. 

        Subject + verb + object

Transitive Verbs: Examples

1. I like apples.
2. She hates music.
3. They study English.
4. I have two dogs. 

Intransitive Verbs: Examples

1. Dogs bark loudly.
2. She smiles.
3. They live there.
4. They do not stay at home. 

Diagram

TV: Examples

• I like apples.

• I have two dogs. 

IV: Examples

• Dogs bark loudly.

• They do not stay at home. 

Practice: Diagram the following sentences.

1. He lives in a big house.
2. She needs a ruler.
3. They care for her family. 
4. We are not studying today. 
5. They bought a new computer yesterday. 

Lesson Three: Three sub-types of transitive verbs

Monotransitive verbs: 

Monotransitive verbs are transitive verbs that have only one object. That object is a a direct object. Direct objects are objects that receive the action from verbs directly. 

• I need a very long red pen.

• Tola and I like green apples and blueberries.

• He bought a pen, two pencils, and a ruler.

• He sold a car and bought a new motorbike.

Ditransitive Verbs:

Distransitive verbs have two objects. One of them is a direct object, and the other one is a indirect object.  with ‘to’ or ‘for’

1. My wife has just bought me a computer. 

1. Can you give Thida and Linda this laptop?

Analyze and draw diagram for each sentence [See the video lesson for the analyzing part]

• Tola and Thida study in the same class.

• Tola, Vichea and Vibol are not here today.

• Vibol studies at a private university and works at home.

• Sokha and her team make calls and receive calls.

• They have received complaint, complements, and tips.

• We needs some apples for our kids at home. 

Lesson Four: Three sub-types of transitive verbs (Continued)

Definition: 

Complex-transitive verbs are transitive verbs that have two objects. One of the object is a direct object. However, unlike ditransitive verbs, the other object of complex-transitive verbs is a object complement. 

Examples:

Everyone calls my supervisor Boss. 

We must not make those tigers angry. 

Monotransitive Verbs, Ditransitive Verbs, or Complex-transitive Verbs

Mono: I like grammar.

Di: He has just given me the book.

Com: They elected Biden the President. 

Lesson Five: Intransitive Verbs

Definition: 

Unlike transitive verbs, intransitive verbs No object

Some examples of intransitive verbs are cry, laugh, smile, look, sit, stand, go, come, sleep, talk. 

Examples:

• She laughs very loudly.

• She is going home now.

Werner is from Africa.

They drive to school every day with friends.

Copula Verbs/Linking Verbs

Definition:

Copula verbs or linking verbs are intransitive verbs. However, this kind of verbs have a noun or adjective as a subject complement. Subject complements add information to the subject. 

Some examples of linking verbs are be, look, seem, become, grow, turn, smell, taste, sound, stay. 

Example: 

Tola is very handsome.

She is a beautiful lady.

Sereymon has become so famous in Cambodia.